The Orkney Islands
Orkney Islands, a group of 90 British islands and islets oft the northern coast of Scotland. They are separated from the mainland by the Pentland Firth. The Orkneys cover an area of 376 square miles 1974 km2. Only about 30 inlands are inhabited. Winters are mild, with an average January temperature of 40° F. (4° C.). Summers are cool, with an average July temperature of 55° F. (13° C.).
Kirkwall is the largest city. It is on Mainland (or Pomona), the group's largest island. Lobster fishing, poultry production, and the raising of cattle and sheep are the leading industries of the islands. There are numerous prehistoric remains here. The Orkneys were held by Norway from about 875 to 1468. Scapa Flow, the chief sheltered inlet, served as a British naval base during World Wars I and II.
Population: 19,245.