John Stuart
Stuart, John McDouall (1815–1866), a Scotsman who was one of the major explorers of Australia. Stuart arrived in Australia in 1838 and became a government surveyor. He was a member of Charles Sturt's last expedition into the interior, 1844–45. Beginning in 1858, Stuart made six attempts to find a route across the continent, succeeding in 1862. Crossing from Adelaide in the south to Port Darwin in the north, he found the route that later became the basis for communications and settlement. He returned to Great Britain in 1864.