Vacation School
Vacation School, a school conducted during the time (usually summer) when regular schools are closed. Vacation schools, or summer schools, have a number of aims. Elementary and high school courses are given to students who failed the courses during the previous regular school session. Students with high academic records may take vacation courses to achieve rapid advancement.
Enrichment programs are sometimes offered that include vocational or cultural studies and activities beyond the scope of regular schools. Such programs may include courses in the natural sciences, computer science, agriculture, and home economics; music, drama, and other fine arts; handicrafts; and swimming, hiking, and other sports and physical-fitness training. Many summer camps offer academic courses, and there are special vacation schools for children with disabilities.
At the college and adult level, vacation schools also offer accredited academic courses and enrichment programs. Graduate students and professional people may work for advanced degrees, or may enroll to learn new methods and skills. Courses are often taught by outstanding leaders in the professions, and by visiting professors from other universities.
Vacation schools began in the late 19th century. The Chautauqua school founded at Lake Chautauqua in New York in 1874 was one of the earliest and most influential. Vacation schools became a recognized part of United States education in the early 20th century. They were greatly expanded during and after World War II.