Bardeen, John
Bardeen, John (1908-1991), a United States physicist. Bardeen twice shared the Nobel Prize in Physics: in 1956 for work that led to the invention of the transistor and in 1972 for work in explaining superconductivity.
Bardeen was born in Madison, Wisconsin. He received his Ph.D. in physics from Princeton University in 1936. During World War II, he was involved in war-related research for the federal government. He was a research physicist for Bell Telephone Laboratories, 1945-51, and on the faculty of the University of Illinois, 1951-75.